Legalize Prostitution Essay

Legalize Prostitution BY rwl 9680101 Stand-Alone Project, Part A: Select a contemporary legal issue discussed during this course. Select a topic that interests you. Perform the research. Prostitution: Ethics to Legitimize the Business Many people find the ethical considerations of the death penalty to be highly controversial. However, another highly controversial topic is the legalization of prostitution. Considering my knowledge on this subject and talking to average women who aren’t prostitutes, IVe come to the conclusion that prostitution should be legalized. The courts and the police have more to contend with than two adult eople having consensual sex. Prostitution has a long and interesting history. It’s mentioned in numerous texts and often referred to as the â€Å"oldest profession. † Indeed, it has always been a common way for women to make money, even in biblical times. It wasn’t until Christianity and the Bible condemned prostitution within versus such as Proverbs 23:27-28, â€Å"For a prostitute is a deep pit and a wayward wife is a narrow well. Like a bandit she lies in wait, and multiplies the unfaithful among men. Basically, prostitutes were shunned for their corruption of married men as a moral conflict. Historically, it was common to trade women for property, pleasure and used as alliances between countries and kingdoms. A person can be against prostitution all he or she wants to, but the fact remains that prostitution happened in the past and will continue to happen in the future. It’s a common a ct of the sexes where biological needs can out way monetary cost and societal norm ethical barriers. The business minded culture would call this supply and demand and the blue collar worker would call it an honest days work for an honest days pay. Either way, it’s not that legitimate kingdoms or governments have not recognized prostitution hroughout history, but it appears that they merely renamed and Justified it into something legitimate. History also reminds us that in many ancient cultures, female prostitution was an accepted profession for many women, especially those who could not earn a living any other way – husbands killed in war or died from laboring. It wasn’t until the church – especially the Christian church – decided that sex was bad and that prostitution became a ‘sordid’ form of employment. Even then, on and off, prostitution and brothels enjoyed varying levels of acceptance in the public eye. Some cities and towns had entire ‘red light districts’ where brothels were, if not welcomed, at least tolerated, so long as the owners and management made their ‘donations’ to the local law enforcement. Thus, while strictly illegal, the proliferation of prostitution enabled police corruption to flourish as well. The roots of prostitution may be more evolutionary than previously thought stemming from hereditary instincts of our long forgotten ancestry. A study was conducted in University in Singapore which was accepted for publication in the Journal Animal Behavior (Dec, 2007). In his study of the macaque monkeys he discovered that the mount of grooming a male performs on a female prior to a sexual interaction is related to the supply/demand ratio of females per male and males to females at the time of the grooming. Here’s where that â€Å"supply and demand† or â€Å"an honest days work for an honest days pay’ philosophy comes into play. Basically, male monkeys – especially lower status ones – have to groom more and longer to get some female action when there are fewer females around. Gumert, analyzed a wild population of long-tailed macaques at TanJung Puting National Park in Indonesia, from 2003 to Dr. Gumert analyzed the long-tailed macaques from 2003 to 2005 located at 005. the TanJung Putting National Park in Indonesia.

Psychological and Psychoanalytical Essay

Psychology is the study of mental utilities and behaviours, in this field one is entitled to study the way in which people think, their personality, emotions and how they relate with each other while at various places such as at the workplaces. None the less, it also encompasses the way in which tend to perform their activities that they have been assigned to do. Through this knowledge of psychology, researchers have been able to come up with the psychoanalysis which tends to be able to learn the individual psychological operation and behaviour (Huczynski, & Buchanan, 2007, pp 303). In doing this, they have come up with three applications that have enabled them to achieve it. These includes; the technique used in the examination of the mind, the systematized group of theories concerning individual behaviour and the technique of treatment of emotional sickness. The paper will assess the ways in which the psychoanalytic concepts can influence the behaviours in a given organisation. In order to achieve this goal, the paper will tend to base its assessment on the theories that are in use to day and how the affect the behaviours of the employees at the workplaces. 2. 0 LITERATURE REVIEW As viewed before in the introduction, the psychology of oneself have a great influence on the way in which one can perform in an organisation and relate to the rest of the people. In regard to this, the paper will have the psychoanalytical perspectives on the effects that one psychology can affect the organization. To ensure that these are attained at the end of the paper, it will be spilt into different sections that each will deal with the theories that exists in today world concerning the psychology of people and how each of the theories tend to affect the organisation both positively and negatively, this will help us understand the core psychoanalytic concepts that exists in organisations. In doing these, the paper will have looked at the psychological and psychoanalytical perspectives on organisations helping us to understand the behaviour of people in organisations. 2. 1 PSYCHOANALYTIC CONCEPTS These are the major concerns of an individual in relation to the way in which they relate to each other at the workplace in various organisations. In dealing with this, the paper will concentrate more on the ways in which the theories has had influence in the people’s performances and relations in organisation. Therefore, the paper will focus on the major concepts and how they are connected to the behaviour at organisations. 2. 1. 1 UNCONSCIOUS CONCEPT This is the central concept that deals with the thinking ability of an individual when he or she is not aware about it. In many cases, it takes place in dreams. As per the theories about the psychology this is well explained in the topographic theory, in which deals with the way in which one can be able to interpret the dream that he or she had while asleep. In organisations, this has had in most cases, positive effect. This is because, while at rest, one can be able to think on the ways in which they can be able to improve the performance of the organisation, and with proper interpretation and implementation of the dream into practice, the organisation ends up getting the best result in the long run. None the less, this concept depends mostly on what the individual goes through at the moment. When it comes at the time at which the individual is under difficulties, it can lead to improper interpretation the dream. This is because, dreams are never new ideas of the mind but the reviews of what have been happening in ones life and how the mind perceives the idea to be. So in time of hardship one can be tempted to dream about the impossibilities of the organisations program in progress. In another perspective, the concept has been viewed in relation to the structural theory that exists in organisations. In structural theory, the mind has been divided into three section, these are the id, the personality and the superego. With these the drive that drives one to dream depends largely on the id and personality of an individual. In the organisations, there are people who have been known to dictate on the ways in which the organisation has to be run. This has been as regard to the superego that the other people have given the individual. In some of the organisations, this has led to poor decision making as no other person is allowed to intervene in the time of decision making for the organisation. The concept has also been seen to be the drive of the people to do some of the actions at organisations. The drive to the action can be conscious or unconscious, and because of this, one may find one performing something out of his knowledge that he is really doing the wrong or the right thing at the organisation (Luborsky, & Barrett, 2005). In the organisation, it has been a challenge to the employers or the supervisors to maintain the memory of the employees at the workplace. It has been to this concept too that some of the employees do wrong things but are not guilty about the incidents, it is because the action may have taken place when the employee was out of his mind and thus can not be able to really visualise that he or she has done some thing wrong at the organisation. In organisations, the concept occurs easily among the newly recruited employees of who have not been familiarised with the ways in which the organisation operations are done. In this, they tend to do them basing on the knowledge that they have basing on their educational background. In the process, one may perform a mistake in which they he or she may not be aware about and thus refraining him from apologising to the supervisor. 2. 1. 2 RESISTANCE CONCEPT This is the process in which the unconscious essentials are effectively kept away from the conscious awareness using an active oppressive force. This is when the organisation tries to eliminate the unknown mistakes preformed by their employee from the organisation. To achieve this, most of organisations organises fro the training and learning for their employees. This provides the employees with the ideas that they need to have while performing any task at the organisation. This psychoanalytic concept also enables the employees at the organisation to be able to be familiarised with the procedures that are required at the organisation for any action to be undertaken. With this, it gives the people at the organisation the actual picture of the organisation enabling them to know all that are required from them to attain the goal of the organisation. As much as the concept gives the organisation employee the knowledge to perform their task well, it also has some of the weakness in it. With the knowledge about the organisation system, the employees under the same rank can decide to unite and rebel to the managing group of the organisation concerning the way they are being treated at the organisation. It has been to this concept that most of the workers tend to rebel to the managers or unite with the managers of the organisation. None the less, the concept also has some of the advantages or rather strengths to organisations if well looked upon. In time when the employees do not perform to their best, it may be due to the treatments that they are getting from the organisation leaders and thus, the organisation has to try their best to ensure that the employees are motivated to perform to their level best. Motivation at work has been proven to influence the behavioural aspects of the employees at any work place. In the organisation that have good motivation systems, tend to incite the employees to work even more to achieved their personal goal and in the long run the organisation goal. This has been seen to encourage the workers more and more. Once there is the introduction of motivation to the well performed employee in the organisation all the employees strives had to attain their goal at given time, they tend to reduce the level of time wasting at the organisation and concentrate to their work more at the organisation. This improves the productivity of the organisation as a whole. 2. 1. 3 TRANSFERENCE CONCEPT This concept deals with the way in which one relates to the other individuals at the organisation in regard to the way he or she has been relating to other people outside the organisation (Gabriel, Hirschhorn, & Allcorn, 1996, pp 247). In any of the organisation, there exists diversity of people in which people from different cultures meet for the purpose of fulfilling the objective of the organisation. As we know, different cultures tend to have different ways in which they perform their duties and the way they relate to one another in the society. Thus, while at the organisation, these individuals have to brought up together to enable them fulfil the organisation objective. In doing this, the way in which one relates to the other person not only depends upon the culture from which he or she is from but also from the mentality of an individual. It is of this reason that the object relations theory in relation to the psychoanalysis exists in the organisation. The theory tends to expound on the ways in which the internal representations of self and that of other people can affect the relationship among people at the organisation. This deals mostly with the personality of an individual of which tend to affect the way in which one relates with others at the organisation (Arnold, Silvester, Cooper, & Robertson, 2005). For instance an individual who have been brought up in harsh condition through out her life time will by no reason appreciate the tenderness of other people at the organisation. It is with this effect that we find some of the difficult people to handle at the organisation. It is not by their wish to be that way but the way they have been used to back from their childhood and now difficult to change. To add on that, there is the self psychology theory and the ego psychology theory which tend to concentrate on the way in which an individual perceived other people to be at the organisation, the way they rate their friends and the way in which they relate with them in totality (Miner, 2005, pp 76). Over the years, it has been seen in organisations that the leaders or the managers at the organisation tend to undermine the employees, in respect to their rank at the organisation. In organisations that there exists wide difference between the mangers and the employees, there tend to develop the aspect of hatred and disrespect to one another; this is because the highly ranked people tend to undermine the lower one and thus initiating them to disrespect them. But in the case where there is a narrow difference between them, the people at the organisation tend to respect each other and can share with anybody freely. This results in high productivity of the organisation as the workers can share what they are going through while at work, the difficulties that they are facing together with the strengths that they think the organisation have to put in place for their production improvements. It also explains the present’s condition that one is in and how it can affect the relationship between people at the organisation. In most of the cases, when one is stressed by whatever stressor whether at the job place or home, the effect tend to affect the relationship with other people (Doyle, 2003) . It has been noted that, a stressed individual prefer to be isolated for the rest of the employees and relates harshly with the rest. CONCLUSION In conclusion, it has come out clearly that the way in which relates at the organisation affects greatly the performance of the organisation and all these depends with the psychology of an individual both from childhood to the present time. Thus the organisation has to ensure that the mental condition of all its workers is at per or attended to in all ways that they can such as providing them with proper conditions at work and good payment to avoid stress at work, to relate with the workers in a friendly way and the keep motivating the workers who have performed well. REFERENCE 1. Gabriel, Y. , Hirschhorn, L. & Allcorn, S. (1996) Organizations in Depth the Psychoanalysis of Organizations pp 245-265 London Sage Publications 2. Arnold, J. , Silvester, J. , Cooper, C. L. & Robertson, I. T. (2005) Work Psychology Understanding Human Behavior in the Workplace 4th Ed Prentice Hall/Financial Times 3. Doyle, C. E. (2003) Work and Organizational Psychology an Introduction with Attitude Psychology Press Sussex 4. Miner, J. B. (2005)Organizational Behavior I Essential Theories of Motivation and Leadership pp 76 M. E. Sharpe Publishers 5. Vibert, C. (2004)Theories of Macro-organizational Behavior A Handbook of Ideas and Explanations pp 10 M. E. Sharpe Publishers 6. Huczynski, A. & Buchanan, D. A. (2007) Organizational Behavior An Introductory Text pp 303 6th Ed Pearson Education Publishers 7. Luborsky, L. & Barrett, M. S. (2005) The History and Empirical Status of Key Psychoanalytic Concepts Retrieved 17th February 2009 from http://arjournals. annualreviews. org/doi/abs/10. 1146/annurev. clinpsy. 2. 022305. 095328? cookieSet=1&journalCode=clinpsy 8. Wiley (2000) Journal of Organizational Behavior Retrieved 17th February 2009 from http://eu. wiley. com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-JOB. html 9. Bouditch, J. L. & Buono, A. E. (2005) A Primer in Organizational Behaviour 6th Ed New York Wiley 10. Haslam, S. A. (2004) Psychology in Organizations The Social Identity Approach 2nd Ed

Marketing concept Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Marketing concept - Essay Example This means they should be given the room to understand what the product/service shall bring for them more than anything else. The marketing concept aims to pinpoint the needs of the target consumers and addresses the same whilst meeting their very needs through the purchase of the product/service and its ultimate usage. If there is no selling of the product, there would be no association of the need with the target audience and hence marketing might not be needed at all. Thus marketing concept looks to solve the problems in which the consumers are tied up and even when there is no problem at all – just to satisfy one’s desires – they are asked to purchase a product/service so as to have a better standing within a particular social circle or society. In other words, this encompasses the basis of self-esteem needs if not anything else (Varey 2001). Successful examples of marketing include the campaigns that have been launched by Coca Cola all over the globe. The pr oduct exists within the minds of the target audiences but even then the company has to market it on a consistent basis (Marco, 2001). This is for the fact that Coca Cola exists and it wants to make a mark on the consumers’ minds at every possible instance.

How was Slavery impacted (Mod 4 Disc1) Assignment

How was Slavery impacted (Mod 4 Disc1) - Assignment Example The major impact of the slavery during the civil war was the skills acquired in the Africa to the work done in the Americas, which increased the industry productions. Slavery was the major contradiction to the national purpose and the critical source of the irrigation in the American conscience; it defined the American freedom and called for the commitment for natural human rights. Before slavery, communities felt secured because they were protected by the strongest men in the community but during the slavery period the community was insecure and the lifestyle of the communities changed gradually. The slavery caused ineffectiveness in the public schools system, divisions in the families since the each community did not come from the slavery problem with same measures. The south state of the America depended entirety on the cotton plantations; they used the slave labor on the plantations to work and earn more income (McPherson & Hogue, 2010). During the Civil War, they feared that losing the slave would have severe economic impact on the cotton plantations. Slavery was the major incongruity to the national purpose and the critical source of the irrigation in the American conscience; it defined the American freedom and called for the commitment for natural human rights. During that period the African slaves trade become illegal and these pushed the North state to abolish the slavery that denied the slaves human right and the dignity. The pension earning of the slaves was not implemented because the important documents were destroyed during the war period; hence, they were not compensated. In conclusion, the war resulted to some slaves settling in these countries because they could not trace the record about their birthplace; the war affected econom y and political activities

Food Safety within a Hotel Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Food Safety within a Hotel - Assignment Example The instance is to ensure the possibility of the introduction of hazards that may have a severe effect on both the safety of food and its suitability for consumption by humans (Smulders, 2006). Information relating to the food safety management is primarily from the universal terms; the Safer food, better business (SFBB). The principal significance of SFB is to assist the small businesses in the procedures and the regulations required in ensuring the safety in food production and handling before consumption by human beings (Arduser and Brown, 2005). For this reason, SFB operates through the below subsections as the way of conveying the intended information to the stakeholders handling the foodstuffs before the final human consumption; Safer food, better business for child-minders; that provide the simple, straightforward advice on food safety. For instance, the information pertaining to a child's nutrition, health, and care practices. Safer food, better business for residential care homes; that help the caterers and the staff employed in the residential areas during the preparation and handling of foodstuffs in such places (Andrews, 2011). Safer food, better business for different cuisines, applicable to small catering businesses. For instance, the restaurants and takeaways that only serve specific groups of people such as the Chinese cuisine or Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi and Sri Lankan cuisines. An organization that produces food substances should be well conversant with the steps required for the control of temperatures of food substances. Consequently, the organization may use the steps below towards realizing the objective of regulating the food temperatures in a control system; The first step should include the development of a temperature monitoring system. In this instance, every staff in the organization should work on his or her assigned task on the regulation of the temperature control system (OFallon, 2011).There is a need to enhance food safety so as to avoid the loss of life lives due to food consumption. For this reason, an organization should consider implementing the suggestions presented in this report so as to realize the objective.

The major challenges facing the criminal justice system Assignment

The major challenges facing the criminal justice system - Assignment Example The researcher states that crime levels by the youth have reduced more than half in the last forty years. Drug use is a major challenge since it has been increasing despite numerous resources put into reducing the vice. Addicts should not be treated as criminals but as sick people that need treatment. This will lower demand for drugs and bring down its use. Violence against women is an area where not much gain has been made. Strategies need to be revised with a focus on challenging attitudes in men that tend to promote it. Much effort however has been put to support victims and counsel them. Over criminalization reduces liberties and makes every mistake a crime. Certain mistakes should not be criminalized and the public should be educated on the existing laws and regulations as some people could be breaking the law without being aware of it. Public opinion polls and surveys always return a verdict that crime or the fear of it is one of the biggest concerns of the citizenry. Certain a reas would be confused for a war zone as the ring of gun shots, gun shot wounds and injuries or injuries inflicted by other means are a common occurrence. Crime statistics continue to soar; from everyday burglary and cheating to homicides, rape and even terrorism and as time passes and technology advances so does the level of sophistication. A current trend is that of fraud and cyber crimes where there is no contact but the financial and psychological damage is equally devastating. The situation is made worse by a tight economic system, rising inflation and unemployment which puts a strain on people’s finances. ... r challenges facing the criminal justice system from a theoretical, historical and a functional angle by reviewing various literature and trends and makes a conclusion at the end. Literature review Question One: One of the biggest challenges to the criminal justice system is violence by the youth. While the youth are the future leaders and the human capital necessary to move the nation forward, they also participate substantially in criminal activity. FBI statistics show for example that in 2005, youths aged 10 to 17 years comprised 15.4 percent of the population while also committing 15.4 percent of the crimes reported nationally (â€Å"Youth facts†, 2012). Of the youth population, 20 to 24 year olds commit most of the crime with males being the dominant offenders. Statistics show that the leading cause of death among American youth aged between 10 to 24 years is homicide (â€Å"CDC†, 2011). Violence also causes most of the non fatal injuries among the same age group ( 10 -24 year olds). Youth violence has been reducing in number though as data shows that in the period between 1964 to 1969, youths aged between 10 and 17 years made up 21.9 percent of the American population and committed 32.1 percent of all the crimes (â€Å"Youth facts†, 2012). But while the involvement of youths in criminal activity has been reducing, the fatality and lethal nature of youth violence has been getting worse. Acts of violent shootings in schools have been reported and the cause of youth violence is attributed to having criminal parents, broken homes, and abandonment. Early criminal tendencies is a pointer to future crime potential with evidence suggesting that adult criminality and delinquency during adolescence can be traced to problematic behaviors in children (Chaiken, 1995). These

English Composition 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 10

English Composition 1 - Essay Example Skateboarding is a very simple game and it must remain the same in the coming times. The people who are against it must understand that it is a sport which brings fun and excitement to the lives of the skateboarders and that too in an abundant capacity. Skateboarding is indeed an extreme sport and it can hurt the athlete immensely but the fun and frolic that comes as part and parcel with the game is something to write home about. Getting hurt makes one tougher in life. (Conniff, 1998) It also makes the individual to learn from his mistakes and avoid those very mistakes that he has already committed in the game. This is equally true for a person’s life where he encounters different mistakes, looks at the alternatives and goes about correcting the very same. Skateboarding teaches the athlete to do just that. It is a sad fact that the skateboarders are not recognized nor are they given the much needed respect that they deserve. They are looked upon with an eye of skepticism where everything is negative right from the onset. I, for one, am a firm believer of the fact that skateboarders deserve respect, acclaim and recognition since they stand shoulder to shoulder with other sportsmen and women and must be given enough funds and fees so that they could create new records and win laurels for their clubs, teams, countries and so

Deregulation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Deregulation - Essay Example aeronautics board (CAB) regulated all airline services for flights without the states (but not within) controlling the fares, travel times and even routes. They attempted to control prices by lowering the short distance travels and raising those of a long distance. They were also obligated to ensure that the airlines got fairly good returns. The period of 40 years within which air transport was regulated saw a steady growth in the industry, in terms of people travelling, employees and even returns. However, the rigidity of the system was opposed by the consumers who were exploited as well as some airlines. The major reasons for deregulation were to offer room for competition and to increase the desirability of the system. After much deliberation and slowly, the deregulation campaign won by slowly and gradually stripping CAB of its powers until it was later dissolved. The whole campaign relied on competition to equalize prices, ensure effectiveness and offer efficiency. After some period of time, it was argued that the deregulation act was unconstitutional. The U.S court appealed that the employee rights were severed by the act and in a bid to ensure that there were no job losses due to deregulation, the employee protection program was instituted. It later was involved in making of guidelines to ensure that the same did not take

Marriage equality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Marriage equality - Essay Example Marriage equality is a term that has been developed in the contemporary society to refer to same-sex marriage. In spite of the term appearing obnoxious, it has become difficult to define equality in marriage. The traditional meaning of equality depended on the natural act, which is the marriage between a man and a woman. â€Å"Equality and gay peoples’ rights spite the notion of procreation†. In such cases, equity was viewed as a process of recognizing the rights of both spouses in a relationship. In fact, it dealt with the development of understanding of the limits between violation and acceptance. However, the changes in morality and social development have led to serious challenges in the definition of marriage equality. Equality in controversial marriages such as gay and lesbian marriage is a challenge to the society. The use of terms such as straight to define heterosexual individuals is a product of the need to identify the gay or up-right people in the society. T he development of the diverse range of terms in explaining the new social development led to the creation of the term â€Å"marriage equality†. Therefore, when addressing marriage equality, it is vital to understand the various issues associated with the current term and the reasons for its development. Consequently, marriage equality is fundamentally a new term based on the cultural change witnessed in the world. The original meaning of the terms has been changed significantly because of the growing use of the term to mean new concepts in a marriage relationship (Wolfson 45). In fact, the new term has rendered the traditional term null or void based on the wide acceptance of the new meaning. The cultural meaning of the word is simple and easily understood, but with the current changes the world is becoming complex to understand such as the current terms like bootylicious and equality. Definition of marriage equality Marriage equality is defined as same-sex marriage that is l egally recognized in the society as the marriage between mature or adult persons. The major question posed by the proponents of the idea is based on the protection of human rights that is protected fundamentally by the constitution. The bill or rights stipulate the major issues that must be addressed in the protection of human freedom. Based on these freedoms including the freedom of association, it becomes challenging when defining marriage equality. Equality in marriage and marriage equality in the contemporary society means two different things today (Wolfson 73). Equality in marriage is the protection of the rights of individuals in marriage while marriage equality is the struggle to accept the new set of marriage partners resulting from homosexual and lesbian relationship in the society. In fact, the push for recognition has led to serious challenge in the society because of the resistance posed by conservatives. Despite the challenges in defining the term, it is widely accepte d culturally to mean the relationship between same-sex partners and their intention to live together has a couple. Equality and protection Marriage Equality relates to the protection of the choices made by the gay and lesbian individuals in the society. The protection against marriage discrimination and reduction of stigma associated with same sex marriage. The definition of marriage equality has changed significantly based on the acceptance of the new meaning, which is slightly different from traditional meaning. The new meaning has overshadowed the traditional meaning associated with the term (Wolfson 89). Marriage equality is a broad term in the contemporary society based on the understanding of the society. Language change is implemented by individuals in the society who lead to increased usage of the term. The actual meaning of equality in marriage is not clearly defined in the contemporary society based on the new meanings develop. The development of new terms illustrates the power of dynamic reasoning in the world,

Discuss the major changes in maternal physiology that are essential to Essay

Discuss the major changes in maternal physiology that are essential to a healthy pregnancy outcome and give examples of how placenta may adversely affect pregnancy outcome - Essay Example The changes, mostly those relating to early stages of pregnancy, are partially attributable to â€Å"the metabolic demands brought on by the foetus, placenta and the uterus† (Ciliberto & Marx 1998, para. 1). Besides, the increase in the levels of hormones during pregnancy, especially those related to progesterone and oestrogen are also responsible for inducing the changes. However, most of the changes that occur in the later stages of the pregnancy pertain to the woman’s anatomy, as a result of â€Å"mechanical pressure from the expanding uterus† (Ciliberto & Marx 1998, para. 1). The physiological changes that occur in a woman during pregnancy are intended to â€Å"facilitate the adaptation of the cardio-vascular system to the increased metabolic needs of the mother, thus enabling adequate delivery of oxygenated blood to peripheral tissues and the foetus† (Silversides & Colman n.d., p. 1). The physiological and anatomical changes that a woman undergoes dur ing pregnancy have high significance on pregnancy outcomes and appropriate physiological transformation is a crucial element in achieving healthy pregnancy outcomes. There are several changes that occur in pregnant woman during the gestation period, which can be anatomical or physiological, such as: gestational weight gain, cardio-vascular changes, hormonal changes, changes in respiratory system, changes in the immunity system etc. This study will contain an analysis of three of the major changes in maternal physiology, such as Gestational Weight Gain, Hormonal Changes and Changes in the Cardio-Vascular System, as endorsed below: - This is one of the major changes that occur in a pregnant female during gestation period. One significant development during pregnancy is that a woman’s uterus undergoes enlargement and, as a consequence, abdominal viscera gets displaced. This, in turn, causes elevation of the diaphragm as a result of which the heart is moved â€Å"upwards to the left and assumes a

Culture Wars And Cultural Democracy Essay Example for Free

Culture Wars And Cultural Democracy Essay Given that culture wars is a conflict of different cultures for example the traditional and the progressive, it is therefore safe to say that it has been present for a long time and will continue to be present for a long time to come. This is because there will always be conflicting cultures based on the various aspects of society like age, background and so on. It is important that people learn to deal with the culture wars for them to be able to live together despite their differences. Culture wars are a social problem and cultural democracy is required to deal with them. The major issues causing the culture wars currently will be discussed expansively and the various ways that they can be dealt with. Cultural democracy will also be discussed and how it will assist tin the future in the culture wars. As time progresses, the way in which the society deals with the cultural differences changes and the concern they have in the society changes with each generation. In the past, religion was a major issue alongside class and race. Although these are still issues of concern, there has been a shift towards other areas (Nolan 1996). Currently there are cultural wars based on politics, different denominations when it comes to religion, technology and its impact on the society, politics and how it deals with the social problems, the media and what should be allowed for general viewing and also the moral values of the people to name but a few. Cultural democracy allows people to practice what they believe in whichever society they are in and hence may tend to be seen as the only solution to the wars that are present in all societies of the world. Religion, technology, gender, media and the morality concept are very interesting and will be discussed in this paper and their role in the present day culture wars. Initially, the religion factor was based on whether one was a protestant or a Roman catholic but it has changed to which denomination one belongs to. However despite the denomination one may belong to, the value of religion has diminished over time especially among the developed countries whereby few people belong to any religion. This has led to bans in certain areas on the use of religion in schools and other public institutions (Zimmerman 2002). Religion is also being used to determine who is a terrorist and who is not especially in America since the bombings that occurred. Since the terrorists were Muslims, anyone belonging to the Islamic faith became a suspect since then. It also determines whether one will get into political office as was demonstrated in the campaign for American presidency with President Barrack Obama having his opponents propagate that he was a Muslim so that he may lose some followers. To avoid losing the seat he had to clearly show that he attends a Christian church and is not a Muslim. When it comes to technology, there is a conflict of how much technology is safe to use and how much is not. The major bone of contention is the issue of privacy since people no longer have privacy because all their data is stored somewhere in government files from medical records to the daily activities. While some people are against so much intrusion in their lives, others argue that it assists in keeping the society safe in view of the increased rate of crime. Although crime would reduce if it were possible to keep constant reliable surveillance, not many people would prefer the safety if it costs them their privacy especially in the homes. The media is another aspect of culture that has been a source of much conflict. When it comes to providing information, the media is the major informant of the society. However, some of the media sources will provide false information or speculated information in order for their form of media to make sales. This is therefore misleading the general population on what is happening in order to make profit. They betray the trust of the people and make the lives of others very difficult if the information provided is about an individual especially the prominent figures. The media especially the television is blamed for the many vices currently in the society. A lot of violence is depicted in the television and the children tend to think it is real and may actually go ahead and imitate what they see with the result being tragic outcomes. Constantly viewing the horrific scenes with blood, fatal wounds and constant death tend to diminish the horror of it thus desensitizing people on such issues. It becomes almost normal for someone to shoot another and wound them without being affected in any way. The media is also used in spreading culture and it usually shows western culture as superior to other cultures (Trend 1997). The younger generation is easily influenced to copy what they see as modern and this more often than not brings about a conflict between them and the older generation. One generation tries to conserve the culture as it has always been while another is trying to imitate what they tend to see as progressive. This disregard of culture brings about much conflict between the two generations. Gender is another important aspect of culture wars. The role of a woman in society in particular has led to a lot of conflict with the changing times and the women liberation. Women were initially supposed to be subject to men and their wishes and do everything to make the men happy. They would stay at home to nurture the family while the men provided everything that was needed and therefore the women were at their mercy. Nowadays, women do not stay in the house waiting for the men to provide and instead go out and get employment from which they earn and provide for the family. This change in roles brings about conflict when a man still expects the woman to play the role of a nurturer and cater to all his needs while the woman has been out working just as hard as the man. The woman in such a situation is therefore expected to play the role of a provider and that of a domesticated worker and nurturer. In other situations it is completely forbidden or the woman to try and take over the role of a man and should stay at home and show a good image of a man who is able to provide for his family. This is not acceptable to a woman who has gone through rigorous education and training to get to where she is and this causes conflict in the society. The final aspect of culture wars to be discussed here is the issue of morality and how it’s meaning changes with time. The most interesting issue her is the same sex marriages and relationships. In most traditional cultures and religions, homosexuality is forbidden and to practice it is going against all laws of nature and society. In present times however, some churches are even conducting wedding ceremonies and appointing church leaders who are homosexuals and this has caused a great division especially in the churches. The homosexuals are busy trying to get accepted in a society that is busy condemning them and their way of life. This causes conflict between the two groups of people that at times leads to physical harm individuals from either side. Cultural democracy therefore is seen as the only way to solve these problems. Taking its meaning to be the acceptance of the differences in culture, (Trend 1997), then it becomes obvious that for all people to be able to live with each other comfortably in the future, cultural democracy has to be embraced. It allows all people to practice what they believe in without fear that they will be punished or criticized for doing so. People are also more accepting to others when others are accepting to them without trying to change their way of life. Since it is impossible to get all the people to think alike especially in America where there are many different cultures represented in the society, there has to be a way that all people are able to live together and accept each other. Cultural diversity is to be celebrated and not ridiculed while attempting to change those from other different cultures. The only way this can occur is by embracing cultural democracy which allows all people to live in harmony while giving each other space to practice the culture that they have embraced. With increased technology that makes it possible for culture to travel far and wide, acceptance is the only way for the future (Nolan 1996). Although the position is that cultural democracy is the only way for the future, there are misgivings about it. As explained by Langa (2004), it started a long time ago and is oftentimes used to mask what is really going on. In the case of gender, very few women are given positions of leadership when compared to the men. People will change according to the situation as was seen during the world wars with women taking up the work of men but when the men came from the war everything was expected to go back to what it was before. Egocentrism is assumed to be ingrained in an individual and thus it is hard to assume that people will just ignore what they have been taught. However since these differences cannot be ignored, the only way that the society will be able to resolve these culture wars is by accepting each others presence without trying to change their way of life. The acceptance allows people to recognize the good in other cultures and appreciate the differences without necessarily trying to imitate or change it. Therefore, the only way for the future is to embrace cultural democracy and by so doing reduce the culture wars because there is no competition of cultures. References 1. Langa H. , 2004, Radical Art: Printmaking and the Left in 1930’s New York, University of California Press, California 2. Nolan J Jr. (ed), 1996, The American Culture Wars: Current Contests and Future Prospects, University of Virginia Press, Virginia 3. Trend D. 1997, Cultural Democracy: Politics, Media, New Technology, State University of New York Press, Albany 4. Zimmerman J. 2002, Whose America: Culture Was in Public Schools, Harvard University Press, Cambridge

Hans Arp Essay Example for Free

Hans Arp Essay We have already studied different artists from different fields throughout this course. By studying those artists, we have known their life and influences within the people around them, their followers, and also to the society. By knowing other artists from different fields and genre, this paper had come up into a new path of knowing one of the French painters during early 19th century. By knowing this artist, another knowledge and learning will be shared within the course. This paper will focus of Hans Arp’s life and influences. The main purpose of the paper is to show the works of Hans Arp throughout his career and how his influences influenced him and other artists by his sense of creativity and passion. Jean Arp also known as Hans Arp was born on September 16, 1887 in Strasbourg. He went through different places and countries in the world to find his self and sense. As the age of 17, Hans Arp went to Paris to explore his sense of art. Through his journey, he started to acquire the goodness of modern art. At this time, he started painting different artifacts during his inspired moments. At the age of 18 in 1905, he attended some courses of painting to Professor Ludwig von Huffman. After two years, he tried to enter Julian Academy to attend some other courses. After three years of obtaining knowledge, he went to Switzerland to start his journey as a painter. He met different painters whom he became part of. He founded the organization, which he named as â€Å"Moderner Bund† or the Modern League. Along with other painters, Arp went through different exhibits from 1911 to 1913 in different places of Switzerland and other countries. He met Apollinaire, Arthur Cravan, Max Jacob, Picasso, and Mondigliani whom became his colleagues and friends for many years. They all met in Paris. In 1911 he was influenced by the abstractions of Wassily Kandinsky (1866-1944) and participated in his Der Blaue Reiter exhibitions in Munich; later Cubism greatly impressed him. Then he was interested by the idea of spontaneous creativity of the human subconscious mind and this idea became dominant in his art. He created collages with torn paper, letting the pieces fall freely on a surface and then gluing them to the places where they fell down. Because of many influences coming from different painters during his younger years, his work of arts became patterns of those painters though pertaining to his own attack to his arts. He had gone through different painters that he thought would give him better knowledge and great impression of his future paintings and other creations. As he created different forms of canvass and other painting strategies, he was introduced to many other famous artists that gave him the courage to create more intensive art works that manifested within his paintings and other artworks. From 1915 to 1919, he became a well-known painter having different exhibits of his paintings in Zurich. Despite of the declaration of war during those years, he remained firm from all his works from different genres and ideologies. After many years of fulfilling his talents and skills, he married Sophie Teuber in 1922 who became his collaborator aside from being his wife. On the outbreak of the WWI, Jean Arp settled in Zurich, Switzerland, where he was involved in the emerging Dada movement. During the 1920s he produced many abstract reliefs in wood, but after 1928 he worked increasingly in three dimensions, making sculptures in the round. These sculptures are simple, abstract shapes suggestive of organic forms found in nature. Arps sculptures impressed the Surrealists, especially Joan Miro, and his influence is also evident in the work of Henry Moore. However, painting was not his only talent that many people have witnessed. He was also a sculpture and a poet. He sculptured the famous â€Å"Human Concretion† in 1935. He also wrote different poems that can be connected to his paintings and sculptures. Creating his poems was his way of creating an abstract of his paintings and sculptures. That is why along with the abundance of his paintings and sculptures are his free-verse poems. Based on his historical accounts, Hans Arp was not just a simple painter having simple dreams and purpose in life. He also showed his way of striving hard to perform changes within his environment. He was involved in the Surrealism – a movement showing their advocacy regarding the issues and conflicts within their society. It brought further idea of Arp’s identity as he put a new trend of liberalism through paintings, sculpture, and poetry. Finally settling in Paris, Arp became involved in the Surrealist movement. He joined the Cercle et Carre group in 1930 and helped to found the Abstraction-Creation group a year later. During World War II, Arp fled to Switzerland, returning to Meudon, outside of Paris after the war. He won the International Sculpture Prize at the Venice Biennale in 1954 and created a relied for the Unesco building in Paris in 1958. After a long journey of success, Hans Arp died at the age of 79 in Solduno, Switzerland on June 7, 1966. However, before he died, he was not just a painter, sculpture, and poet with amazing thinking and ideas but also a speaker of UNESCO through his paintings. He speaks for UNESCO’s building by painting it in a mural relief. Because of his creations coming from his own thoughts and ideas, he has influenced many other painters and sculptures during and after his generation until this present generation. He had opened a new way to convey the message of paintings and sculptures as well as poems. Because he had grown through other’s influences to his works and life, he also became one of the influences of many artists today because of his magnificent contribution in the world of art. It can be said that his paintings, sculptures, and poems are simple in a literal sense, but if we tend to analyze its meaning and essence, we could obtain further knowledge and learning from his work of arts due to its big impact especially to those who really know how to describe the meanings of his paintings and other creations. As a whole, Hans Arp’s life does not contain many struggles and pains. He was just a contented painter, sculpture, and poet during his time. Despite of his success, he remained firm to what he wanted and purpose in life. In contradiction from his paintings, sculptures, and poems, his life was not a complex situation. Though he had married two times, it was not became a problem on how he managed his life. Therefore, he knows how to create a line and path to what he wants to pursue with his life like the way he draw and mould his creations. Works Cited Abcgallery. com. Jean (Hans) Arp. (n. d. ) 1 December 2007. http://www.abcgallery.com/A/arp/arpbio.html

Discovery in the Theories of Evolution

Discovery in the Theories of Evolution Prologue Throughout his childhood and adult life, Siddhartha Mukherjee, physician and author of The Gene: An Ultimate History, has been troubled by his family history of mental illnesses. His two uncles, Rajesh and Jagu, have suffered from mental illness, and so does his cousin Moni. If mental illness was genetic as recent studies showed, could he be a carrier as well and pass the illness to his two daughters? If his cousins mental illness was genetic, then why had this father and sister been spared? How much of the mental illness arose from nature (i.e., genes that predisposed to mental illness) versus nurture (environmental triggers such as upheaval, discord, and trauma)? Similar unresolved questions arose in his scientific work as a cancer biologist. Many forms of cancer arise from gene mutations that occur during a persons lifetime. Should we be concerned if we have a family history of such diseases? And could we pass these diseases to our children? Genetic engineering has advanced so much that we can treat some of these diseases by using gene therapies. Imagine that if technologies were available to change our genetic codes, resulting in altered identity or sexuality or behavior. Who would control such a technology, and who would ensure their safety for our society, our children, and ourselves? This chapter chronicles the fascinating history of discovery in the theories of evolutions and heredity from early Greek philosophers to the theories developed at the end of the 19th century. It also covers the history of eugenic movements in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Key concepts covered: Darwins theory of evolution explains why species change. Mendels laws of heredity explain why species stayed the same. Eugenic movements in the late 19th and early 20th centuries were based on a faulty understanding of genetic science. They used phenotypes (physical or mental attributes) as genetic traits. Early Ideas about Heredity and Evolution Since the earliest times, human has recognized the influence of heredity and has applied its principles to improve crops and domestic animals. In around 530 BC, Pythagoras (570-495 BC), the Greek scholar, proposed one of the earliest theories to explain the similarity between parents and their children. The core of his theory was that male semen carried all the hereditary information. Once inside the womb, semen matured into a fetus via nourishment provided by the mother. A century after Pythagorass death, Aristotle (384-322 BC), A Greek philosopher, rejected the notion that heredity was carried solely in male semen. In around 350 BC, he proposed that male semen carried the instructions to build a child while female contributed the physical raw material for the fetus. The transmission of heredity was essentially the transmission of information. Aristotle was wrong in his partitioning of male and female contributions into message and material, but he had captured one of the essential truths about heredity. No new ideas were introduced in the next two millennia until the 18th century when the idea of preformation was introduced. Using microscopes, scientists imagined that they could see miniature replicas of humans inside human sperms. In 1809, Jean-Baptiste Lamarck (1744-1829), a French biologist, introduced the inheritance of acquired characters as a model for evolution. According to Lamarck, organisms evolve due to two forces: (1) Simple organisms emerge and then evolve to become more complex; and (2) Organisms adapt to their environments by changing their characteristics. He believed giraffes developed long necks because, over many generations, they had to keep stretching their necks to reach higher foliage. Lamarckism fell from favor after August Weismann (1834-1914), a German embryologist, performed an experiment in 1883 showing that changes from use and disuse were not heritable. In that experiment, Weismann had cut off the tails of five generations of mice, then bred the mice to find out if the babies would be tailless. But the babies were all born with their tails intact, not even marginally shorter.

Governmental Involvement in the Business World :: Essays Papers

Governmental Involvement in the Business World The government has played a role in business in our history. They have had positive as well as negative effects on business in America. That is what I am going to be looking at for this essay. The government has played a vital part in issues such as the excessive power that businesses have had. The government has also helped get rid of many kinds of prejudices against women, the elderly, the poor, the disabled, and against many racial and ethnic minorities. These changes began with the New Deal being of Roosevelt. After the implementation of the New Deal the wage gap began to gradually close between the richest and the poorest of Americans. This can be credited to laws and along with other government actions that were put into place during Roosevelt's presidency. Things such as Social Security, unemployment benefits, minimum wage all these things and much more were introduced by the government to better the lives of the working public. Government supervision increased in the 1930s and several industries became regulated by the government, such as trucking, airlines, electric utilities, and interstate gas. Other industries as well were kept under government regulation until the 1970s and 80s when they realized that the New Deal ideas that were passed in an emergency, were inappropriate in the long run for certain industries. The Securities Act of 1933 and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 required that all companies that were traded on the stock exchanges as well as banking firms and securities industries issue to stockholders and to the government detailed annual reports. These would contain information essential to the consumers. Also railroads and utilities were required to submit annual reports to regulatory commissions. The regulatory commissions and the annual reports were created to make sure that laws would be followed. The laws benefited the investment banking industry in the long run, because it helped companies sell stocks and bonds by giving investors confidence in the decisions they were making. The early 1930s were a time of serious deflation and federal price supports were

E-Commerce In Latin America Essay -- Consumer Markets Business Essays

E-Commerce In Latin America Where Is It Now, Where Is It Going, Who Is Taking It There? In recent years, the media has made much of the growing consumer markets in Latin America. North Americans have to come to understand that much of the health of the U.S. economy is tied to the economic well-being of Latin countries such as Brazil and Mexico. Yet even with our awareness of the market size of our neighbors and awareness of our increasing interdependence, most North Americans consider the emerging Latin American markets to be underdeveloped, backwards, comprised of technologically unprepared people. How accurate is this conception, and specifically, what is the status of the Latin American market for e-commerce? In order to understand any market for the first time, one must answer several basic questions: How large is the market? How fast is it growing? What are the buying patterns in the market? How might they change? When will the market â€Å"take off?† What is blocking or helping market growth? Who is already in the marketplace? Who is likely to enter? This paper outlines the answers to these initial questions, and makes the case that North Americans need to pay attention to emerging Latin ecommerce markets- whether as advertisers, consumers, or trendwatchers. Market Size and Growth Rate As recently as August 1999, the Boston Consulting Group stated that on-line retailing in Latin America will reach $77 million in 1999. This figure represents web sales earned by Latin American based e-tailers. The same report states that an additional $90 million in revenues will be earned by U.S.-based online merchants this year. This results in a total of $167 million in domestic and international ecommerce r... ...n America, I will continue to follow these related trends with increased interest. [1] Emarketer, August 2, 1999, www.emarketer.com/estats/080299_beg.html. [2] Emarketer, June 28, 1999, Is Latin American eCommerce Ready to Take Off?, www.emarketer.com/estats/062899_latam.html. [3] Ibid. [4] eMarketer, Latin American Retail Ecommerce to Reach $160 Million, August 2, 1999, www.emarketer.com/estats/080299_beg.html. [5] Ibid. [6] eMarketer, March 22, 1999, Latin America Gets Fired Up for EC, www.emarketer.com/estats/032299_latin.html. [7] Emarketer, â€Å"Telephone Costs Holding Back Access In Latin America,† September 28, 1998, www.emarketer.com. [8] Ibid. [9] Emarketer, â€Å"UOL,† October 1999, www.emarketer.com. [10] Ibid. [11] â€Å"Building the First Web Brand in Latin America,† From metasearch using keyword â€Å"StarMedia.† [12] Ibid. E-Commerce In Latin America Essay -- Consumer Markets Business Essays E-Commerce In Latin America Where Is It Now, Where Is It Going, Who Is Taking It There? In recent years, the media has made much of the growing consumer markets in Latin America. North Americans have to come to understand that much of the health of the U.S. economy is tied to the economic well-being of Latin countries such as Brazil and Mexico. Yet even with our awareness of the market size of our neighbors and awareness of our increasing interdependence, most North Americans consider the emerging Latin American markets to be underdeveloped, backwards, comprised of technologically unprepared people. How accurate is this conception, and specifically, what is the status of the Latin American market for e-commerce? In order to understand any market for the first time, one must answer several basic questions: How large is the market? How fast is it growing? What are the buying patterns in the market? How might they change? When will the market â€Å"take off?† What is blocking or helping market growth? Who is already in the marketplace? Who is likely to enter? This paper outlines the answers to these initial questions, and makes the case that North Americans need to pay attention to emerging Latin ecommerce markets- whether as advertisers, consumers, or trendwatchers. Market Size and Growth Rate As recently as August 1999, the Boston Consulting Group stated that on-line retailing in Latin America will reach $77 million in 1999. This figure represents web sales earned by Latin American based e-tailers. The same report states that an additional $90 million in revenues will be earned by U.S.-based online merchants this year. This results in a total of $167 million in domestic and international ecommerce r... ...n America, I will continue to follow these related trends with increased interest. [1] Emarketer, August 2, 1999, www.emarketer.com/estats/080299_beg.html. [2] Emarketer, June 28, 1999, Is Latin American eCommerce Ready to Take Off?, www.emarketer.com/estats/062899_latam.html. [3] Ibid. [4] eMarketer, Latin American Retail Ecommerce to Reach $160 Million, August 2, 1999, www.emarketer.com/estats/080299_beg.html. [5] Ibid. [6] eMarketer, March 22, 1999, Latin America Gets Fired Up for EC, www.emarketer.com/estats/032299_latin.html. [7] Emarketer, â€Å"Telephone Costs Holding Back Access In Latin America,† September 28, 1998, www.emarketer.com. [8] Ibid. [9] Emarketer, â€Å"UOL,† October 1999, www.emarketer.com. [10] Ibid. [11] â€Å"Building the First Web Brand in Latin America,† From metasearch using keyword â€Å"StarMedia.† [12] Ibid.

Egoist and Utilitarian Responses to Terrorism :: Egoist, Utilitarian

Terrorism was not a dormant issue in the media until the attacks on the USA. The organised use of violence to target non-combatants for political purposes, is one of the most effective ways to gain media attention. Mainly used by extremist groups in the hopes of gaining recognition for their religious or political cause. Several attacks on the US have recently made headlines The attack on the USS Cole (October 12, 2000), US Embassy bombings in Kenya + Tanzania (August 7, 1998), Oklahoma City bombing (April 19, 1995) , the World Trade Centre bombing on February 27 1993 and finally the World Trade Centre bombing on September 11, 2001. . There were overt threats made to the US government regarding these attacks but most were dismissed as hoaxes. What we need to recognize about terrorism is its message. Attacks are usually perfectly planned and precise. In the attack on the WTC and pentagon, thousands of innocent people died when the Al-Quaida flew 3 passenger aircraft into both towers and crashed one into the pentagon, the USA’s best-guarded facility. Hopefully these deaths were not in vein, now other countries have joined George Bush in the war against terrorism and are launching repeated strikes on Afghanistan (the Al-Quaida’s supposed base.) They hope that these attacks will prevent any further events from happening. These attacks have in my view displayed that the Taliban can control the US economy and hit any target they wish, no matter how well guarded it is. Perhaps America should have been more cautious and handled the threats more carefully. Maybe they were being too proud and this is why the Taliban believe it is justifiable to kill innocents, or they chose to attack now because America was just feeling safe. Whatever the reason, we will never know. In 2002, the world changed forever. Anthrax, a biological weapon was released into the postal system and a commercial aircraft was turned into a 1000 tonne missile. War will have a new face, it will not be against an enemy firing projectiles, but instead, an invisible, deadly network of shadows attacking miscellaneous targets in random locations. This is why if we don’t act quickly; the world could be cast into turmoil. So how do other people feel about this topic? This is how I think an Egoist would feel. The word egoist means that you are only concerned with things that may affect you in the long run.

Work and Play

The perfect balance between work and play – working hard and getting all the necessary assignments finished, and then being able to come home and still have time to enjoy life. If someone is letting themselves be consumed with work and it is all they can think about, they are forgetting what life is really all about. In society today, people need to become more aware that life is short lived, and we must get the most out of it. That means, when a person isn’t at work, they shouldn’t be working; they should be doing something that they enjoy.In my future, I see myself going into the military field of work, and with the military come a lot of traveling and adventure. Often, I will be living in places that I may have never even heard of. Also, I will experience things that many other people would never even dream of doing. The characteristics I for-see of my future work are as follows – focus, organization, and completed work. I understand that if I want my l ife at home to be successful, I must first have a successful work life. Using these characteristics, I will be able to make sure that my work life does not interfere with my life at home.By focusing, the quality of my work will be at it’s absolute highest; I will not become distracted by events happening at home or even in the world because I know I must focus on my work or else it will not meet the necessary standards. Also, by keeping organized I will avoid many potential stressful moments. I will always know what it is I must get done for that particular day, and I will always know where the things I need are to complete those assignments. If I fell into the trap of becoming unorganized, I would most likely become too stressed out to enjoy my home life even the least bit.As well as staying organized I will always leave my work place with all of my assignments or tasks completely finished. By making sure of this, I will never have to worry about work when I am at home. Not only that, but I will be creating a less stressful environment for my employer as well because he will know that he can always depend on me to get my job done. If I manage to complete all of my work at the workplace, I should never run into problems with my work interfering with home life. Out side of work, one must find something to occupy their time in order to maintain the balance between work and play.Things such as relaxing, extracurricular activities, hanging out with friends, and visiting with family members are all good ways of maintaining that balance. In my future I imagine that the things I choose to do when I am not working are going to be very vital for me if I want to keep my life as stress free as possible. Watching TV and resting are going to be very important ways of â€Å"winding down† for me, without being able to relax every once in a while my work would start to lack quality because I would become bored of it due to restless working.Another characteristic of my â€Å"play† life would be sports and hobbies; these two things are extremely important in my life because without them I would basically have nothing to do. By keeping myself active in sports I am able to live a healthy lifestyle, which can also positively affect my work life. Hobbies, on the other hand, can be a great way to find out something new about myself, and meet new people with similar interests. Next on my list would have to be hanging out with my friends and visiting with my family.People now-a-days must make sure that they find time for their family and friends, because if a person neglects a relationship with someone they can lose that friend or family member very quickly. Too often people become consumed with their work, and completely forget about their friends and family, because they are too busy to ever hang out with them. Although I see my life in the future being tremendous and stress free for the most part, I am slightly concerned about a few thing s.

8 Stages of Social Development

mixer ontogenesis theory exploits to rationalize soft sorts in the structure and framepiece of work of society, that tending the society to discover realize its aims and objectives. issue stick proscribed be broadly specify in a manner applicable to separately societies at t bug unwrap ensemble(a) diachronic periods as an upward ascending doing featuring greater reckons of talent, efficiency, timbre, fruitivity, convolutedness, comprehension, creativity, mastery, enjoyment and accomplishment. Development is a bidding of fond transport, non exclusively a set of policies and programs instituted for near specialised off leaks.This process has been going on since the dawning of history. But during the last flipper centuries it has picked up in speed and potency, and during the last five decades has witnessed a marked surge in acceleration. 2 The basic mechanism driving neighborly change is increasing awargonness principal to unwrap organization. li veness develops by instinct and consciousness in turn throw outes by organization. When society gumptions refreshed and better opportunities for pass on it accordingly develops sassy take a leaks of organization to cause these ripe circulateings successfully.The naked-made-sprung(prenominal) defecates of organization be better able to harness the useable sociable energies and skills and resources to use the opportunities to generate the mean results. Development is governed by umteen factors that cause the results of educational efforts. in that location moldiness be a motive that shoots the tender change and necessary pre assures for that change to occur. The motive essential be positionful enough to overmaster obstructions that impede that change from occurring. Development as rise up requires resources such as capital, technology, and supporting infrastructure.Development is the result of societys capacitor to organize clement energies and ament aceous resources to meet ch anyenges and opportunities. Society passes by decipherable mos in the course of its development. They ar promoteding hunting and gathering, rural agrarian, urban, commercial, industrial, and post-industrial societies. Pi wholenessers introduce new ideas, practices, and habits that conservative elements initially resist. At a later set up, innovations be accepted, imitated, organized, and used by skelet superstarr(a) members of the community.Organizational improvements introduced to support the innovations open fire bowel fallment out situate simultaneously at quartet distinct levels animal(prenominal), complaisant, mental, and psychological. Moreover four antithetical emblems of resources ar involved in promoting development. Of these four, physical resources ar most visible, unparalleledly least(prenominal) capable of expansion. Productivity of resources increases enormously as the quality of organization and level of intimacy inputs rise.Eriksons st progresss of psycho favorable developmentEriksons shows of psycho societal development, as articulated by Erik Erikson, explain eight stages d 1 which a healthily developing human should pass from babyhood to late adulthood. In hotshot(a)ly stage, the soulfulness confronts, and hopefully masters, new challenges. from to distributively one one stage d stabbings upon the successful completion of ear populater stages. The challenges of stages non successfully completed whitethorn be expected to re pop as problems in the proximo. However, mastery of a stage is non requi cerise to advance to the next stage.Eriksons stage theory characterizes an whizz(a) advancing with and through the eight behavior stages as a function of negotiating his or her biological forces and socio hea thusishal forces. individually stage is characterized by a psycho introductionible crisis of these twain conflicting forces (as sh get to in the plank below). If an individual does indeed successfully ensconce these forces (favoring the introductory mentioned attribute in the crisis), he or she emerges from the stage with the corresponding rightfulness. For example, if an sister enters into the toddler stage (autonomy vs.shame & doubt) with much(prenominal) than trust than mistrust, he or she carries the virtue of hope into the remaining flavour stages. sets of psycho brotherly development spots of favorable Development In this post dusty War and postmodern age, we be asking serious questions regarding the preeminence of rigid ideologies, case boundaries, proprietary avocations, expert u coveringias and naive, egalitarian assumes in craftinessing the next spheric mesh. We hear all of these voices. We register all of the claims. We record all of the truths. We see all of the demonstrations and disp vexs of course theatre.But, we choose a sense they all menses from the Tower of Babel. No wonder the realities atomic number 18 so speculatorse the thoughts so confusing, the solutions so divisive. It is as if all six jillion people carry climbed on top of the Tower and argon instantly shouting slogans at us. every(prenominal) seem to deficiency a place in the sun, a position in the niche, and free tickets to Disney realism. If one were to do a content analysis of all the books and articles written on the macrocosm(a) gaps, or arguments pbegrudgeed in academic or think tank settings, or plain the political dialogue in bet parliaments or inter bailiwick summits, we would see near(prenominal) clear and distinct patterns.Capitalism is great or greedy. Socialism is humane or harmful. technology is a blessing or a curse. The teeming argon that guidance because they worked difficult or appargonntly won feels lottery. The niggling atomic number 18 that way because they atomic number 18 unchecked or oppressed by the gamy. frugal redistribution deliver level the playing field of s tudy or dumb down international intelligences. Which is it? Most of the discussions center about competing scotchalal models, open political access, mandated contactity of prospect and results, and a host of varied(a) international, top-down solutions.Arguments grow in emotional intensity just about the size and distribution of budgets. cash pay offs the magic elixir that go out reanimate all ills. If we build attractive places for all to live the losers get out be modify into coaxners by simply changing street addresses. New rules and regulations will transform police van and minds. Everybody will benefit from the rising tides of successfulness as the free market rags world(a) waves. Everybody will benefit from the largess of unfit government, using taxes to fund social work schemes.And, of course, brilliant technological innovations will solve the Internet into all(prenominal) and every home, with or without electri urban center. Right. But, w here(predi cate)fore fathernt these policies worked in the ancient? assure at Africa. timber at Haiti. flavour at the Balkans. Look at Russia. Look at the Mississippi Delta. Look at Yorkshires coal mining villages. Look at Ameri dissolve Indian reservations. Look at the huddled caboodlees everywhere impatient for a loaf of bread. Look at Indias Calcutta kids. Look at border confinement shops and urban cesspools. Look at the lean of minority teenagers in Ameri mickle prisons.In enmity of all of the money spent, expectations raised, programs imposed, good full treatment celebrated and good works performed, our problems persist. wherefore? The central thesis of this document is that external approaches designed to improve the human condition be faulted unless they also include, as gibe and simultaneous tracks, the essential go and stages in intragroup social development. In short, stinting, political, and technological efforts must correlate with the levels of compositeity of me ntation deep down individuals and wide-cut cultures.Unless the external efforts match, in their respective operating enciphers, the existing capacities indoors leadinghip cadres and the general population in specific countries, they will make things worse, non better. Like the deep sea diver who gets the bends by coming up too rapidly, or runs out of subscriber suck up if the ascent is delayed too long, built-in societies ar vulnerable to this too oft too little dynamic. This discussion will describe 1. the eight stages of social development 2. the economic and political models appropriate to each stage and 3.twelve repugns to employ in the chase for global cohesion in this age of societal fragmentation.EIGHT STAGES OF SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT How Cultures step forward A social stage is much wish swell an emerging wave than a rigid step. from each one stage is simply a temporary, transitional plateau that forms in individual and embodied minds. Some bring down them p aradigms or levels of psychological existence. In other writings I refer to them as shelterMEMES or bio/psycho/social/ unearthly DNA-type scripts that inculcate their codes throughout a culture, and withal migrate around the planet on CNN and in 747s.These ar fluid, biography musical arrangements preferably than rigid hierarchical steps. They form into scrolls of tortuousity and exist inside people, organizations, and unblemished societies. The basis social stage, heathenish wave, treasure carcass, and vMEME code ar synonymous. Cultures, as well as countries, are formed by the emergence of value systems (social stages) in the response to life conditions. Such complex adaptive intelligences form the glue that bonds a group together, defines who they are as a people, and reflects the place on the planet they inhabit.These pagan waves, much homogeneous the Russian dolls (a doll embedded in spite of appearance a doll embedded indoors a doll) brook formed, over judg ment of conviction, into unusual mixtures and blends of instructional and extract codes, myths of origin, artistic forms, life styles, and senses of community. part they are all allow expressions of the human experience, they are not equal in their capacities to deal with complex problems in society. but, the detectable social stages deep down cultures are not Calvinistic scripts that lock us into choices against our will.Nor are they inevitable steps on a pre act upond staircase, or magically appearing wish well crop circularize structures in our collective psyche. And, cultures should not be seen as rigid types, having unending traits. Instead, they are karyon adaptive intelligences that ebb and flow, progress and regress, with the capacity to lay on new levels of complexity (value systems) when conditions warrant. Much like an onion, they form layers on layers on layers. There is no concluding state of matter, no ultimate destination, no utopian paradise. to each one stage is but a prelude to the next, then the next, then the next. Each emerging social stage or cultural wave contains a much expansive horizon, a more complex organizing principle, with newly calibrated priorities, mindsets, and specific bottom-lines. All of the previously acquired social stages remain in the composite value system to de terminalinaline the whimsical texture of a disposed(p) culture, country, or society. In Ken Wilbers language, each new social stage transcends but includes all of those which subscribe come before.Societies with the capacity to change, s makeg betwixt IMe exploit and WeUsOur poles. Tilts in one anxiety bring about the extremity to self-correct, thus cause a set up toward the opposite pole. Me decades become us epochs as we constantly spiral up, or spiral down in response to life conditions. Some social stages stress diversity generators that reward individual initiatives and value human rights. Other social stages impose conformity r egulators and reward cooperative, collective processs. Societies will zigzag between these two poles, thus embracing various models at each tilt.Once a new social stage appears in a culture, it will spread its instructional codes and life precession messages throughout that cultures surface-level expressions religion, economic and political arrangements, psychological and anthropological theories, and views of human nature, our future destiny, globalisation, and take down architectural patterns and sports preferences. We all live in flow states thither is alship canal new wine, always old wine skins. We, indeed, find ourselves pursuing a neer-ending quest. THE life sentence STRATA IN OUR PSYCHO-CULTURAL ARCHEOLOGY point in time/ ripple Color Code Popular list ThinkingCultural manifestations and face-to-face displays 8 aqua WholeView holistic collective individualism cosmic feelingualism earth changes 7 yellow Flex black market bionomic natural systems self-principle mu ltiple realities k instanterledge 6 Green mercifulBond Consensus egalitarian feelings authentic share caring community 5 orangeness StriveDrive Strategic materialistic consumerism success catch status growth 4 sorry fair playForce delegacy mean discipline traditions worship rules lives for later 3 Red PowerGods egotist gratification glitz conquest action impulsive lives for at once 2 gallant KinSpirits Animistic rites rituals taboos super- stitions tribes folk ways & light 1 Beige SurvivalSense Instinctive feed water procreation warmth tribute sojourns alive.Heres the key idea.Different societies, cultures and subcultures, as well as entire nations are at different levels of psycho-cultural emergence, as displayed within these evolutionary levels of complexity. Yet, and here is a life-sustaining concept, the previously awakened levels do not disappear. Rather, they stay active within the value system tons, thus impacting the nature of the more complex systems.So, m whatever of the same issues we confront on the West Bank (red to blue) brook be found in second profound Los Angeles. One can experience the animistic ( violet) worldview on Bourbon Street as well as in Zaire. Matters brought before city council in Minneapolis (orange to green to yellow) are not unlike the debates in front of governance bodies in the Netherlands. So-called third orb societies are dealing, for the most part, with issues within the beige to purple to red to blue zonas, thus higher rates of violence and poverty.Staying alive, purpose safety, and dealing with feudal age conditions matter most. countenance World societies are characterized by imperious (blue) one-party states, whether from the right or the left. Makes no difference. So-called start World nations and groupings cod gived high levels of affluence, with lower gestate rates, and more expansive use of technology. While centered in the strategic, free-market driven, and individual impropriety poreed perspective all traits of the Stage 5 (orange) worldview new value systems (green, yellow, and turquoise) are emerging in the postmodern age.Yet, we confound no language for anything beyond jump World, believing that is the final state, the end of history. Further, there is a serious question as to whether the billions of people who are now exiting s and Third World life styles can anticipate the same level of affluence as they see on First World television screens. And, what will glide by to the environs if every Chinese family had a two-car garage? The World Bank, the International monetary Fund, the GTO, and most multinational corporations reflect the blue-orange worldview codes of cultural discipline, financial accountability, and individual responsibility.Attacks are launched from one-third warinesss Red zone activists, anarchists, and spoilers who love a good fight, and believe the Big orangeness Money Machines are easy targets from which to necessitate tri butes in unhomogeneous forms grue just about zone ideologies who defend the sacred against the secular and resent the intrusive technology and destruction of the reverent orders and extol the purity of the faith, noble cause, and divine calling and Green zone humanists and environmentalists who level charges of exploitation, greed, and selfishness, noting the eradication of natural cultures and the poisoning of the pristine environment by Big Mac flourishous arches.The WTO demonstrations were so confounding to so many an(prenominal) because they combined these red, blue and green critiques into adept anti-orange crusades. Capitalism and materialism were the twin villains nipuality, sharing, and social equality, on with sustainability, were the noble virtues. There appeared to be no bosom ground no zone of rapprochement no winwin alternative. Herein lies the global myocardial infarction the seemingly irreconcilable conflict between and among the possesss, the have nots, the have a little but want more, and the have a lot but are never content.There must be a better way. STRATIFIED DEMOCRACY Managing the Global operate Stage/ mournful ridge 1 Stage/ curl up 2 Stage/ Wave 3 Stage/ Wave 4 Stage/ Wave 5 Stage/ Wave 6 Stage/ Wave 7 Stage/ Wave 8 Beige Purple Red Blue Orange Green Yellow Turquoise POLITICAL SYSTEMS AND POWER distribution RATIOS survival clans Haiti tribal orders Somalia feudal empires Taliban authoritarian democracry capital of Singapore multiparty res publica UK & US social democracy Netherlands stratified democracy holonic democracy Confederal one(a) Federal unitary IntegralECONOMIC SYSTEMS AND RESOURCE DISTRIBUTION FORMULAS eat when hungry mutual reciprocity & kinship to victors belong the spoils the just ingest the rewards each acts on own behalf to prosper all should benefit equally all formulas contribute to spiral health resources sharpen on all life As you can see, the projected bulge of global mentation is in the purp le/red zones, with a somewhat smaller lift in the orange enclaves. Many are locked in the blue authoritarian flatland and are just now waking up to orange, good life possibilities.At the same time, the postmodern mindset is attacking orange materialism, living more lightly on the land, and probing for meaning in Navaho sweat lodges or excursions into variations on the spiritual theme. In his new book entitled The Cultural Creatives (Three Rivers muddle ISBN 0609808451 October 2001), Paul Ray describes Heartland-Blue, Modernity-Orange, andCultural Creatives-Green. We add Integral-Yellow as the next developmental stage. There are different futures for different folks. The future of the Third World will be Second World authority before both(prenominal) First World autonomy or postmodern sensitivity become options.There are different futures for different folks along the evolutionary trajectory. Democracy, then, comes in many different variations, hues, and levels of complexity. B eware of imposing the form that fits a specific stage or zone on the Spiral onto other strata. This is an invitation to cultural disaster. There are good reasons why humans have effectd survival clans, ethnic tribes, feudal empires, ancient nations, corporate states, and value communities in our long bio-psycho-social-spiritual ascent. Robert D. Kaplan makes this point distinctly in a lengthy quiz Was Democracy Just A importation?(The Atlantic Monthly, December 1997). He notes that authoritarian China (blue) is doing more for its citizens than democratic (orange) Russia, and that tiro one-party-states and flush up dictatorial empires (red), can build a middle class more quickly than multiparty models (orange) in Africa. The evolutionary spirals are dancing all over the planet, in a figurative sense. While some hear tribal drum beats, others are doing the tango, the waltz, the Texas two-step, the jitterbug, theCharleston, or even the line spring.In some dances each expresses self, oblivious to others. In others, we dance in concert, in a good deal of interlocking arrangements and movements. This is the global diversity. New political and economic models are beginning to appear, found on the assumptions and codes within underlying common land and holistic meshworks. Welcome to the global dance. THE dozen POSTULATES AN INTEGRAL PERSPECTIVE ON globalization The premier(a) Directive A postulate is defined as an essential presupposition, condition, or premise of a purport of reasoning.Postulates must all hang together and be seen as both simultaneous and ordered in creating a faultfinding mass shift. These shifts are part and mail boat of The Prime Directive, a universal ratchet through layers of complexity that appear to impact human choice-making, as well as that of other life forms. Bacteria, viruses, genes and memes all appear to be compeld by nonlinear, adaptive intelligences as life as we know it incubates to evolve on the planet. Rather than existing as stand-alone, independent fragments, the postulates materialize a train of reasoning as they work in synergistic concert with each other.It makes no sense to argue as to which one is the most important. They are all weave into an evolving Global Meshworks. note how horizons are widen from families to clans, to tribes, to empires, to ancient nations, to corporate nation states, and now to global views. Yet, all of these backwash portals continue to exist on the planet earth. We are witnessing new versions of the historical continental roam as our economic, political, technological, and social worlds are, indeed, being pulled enveloping(prenominal) together.Further, global problems will require global solutions which, of necessity, will require global thinking. The historic outgoingpresent future time lines will need to be mute. Up stream and down stream viewing points must be declareed. Final state paralysis must be replaced by flow state perspectives. Simpli stic car-wash solutions must be replaced by a rich understanding and respect for diversities in people, uniqueness in situations, and inevitable steps and stages in human emergence.Rigid rules, a product of restore stateideologies, must be supplanted by fluctuating algorithms that engage a world full of variables, life cycles, wild card and other complex dynamics that lie at the bone marrow of life itself. There are no guarantees no dateless road maps no inevitable destinations no blue print etched in permanent ink. Yet, there are equations, formulas, fractals, consequences, flows, and processes. Each new solution will, over time, create new problems. Human motivations will change as our life conditions get better, or get worse.There are systems within us kind of than types of us stratified decision-making stacks that constantly rearrange themselves in cost of priorities and senses of urgency. Different cultures and subcultures, then, are organic entities that lay on new leve ls of complexity as changes in life conditions warrant. Finally, the real disembodied spirit of these postulates, when taken as a group, is to frame of reference both interior and exterior dynamics to expedite the natural principles that appear to drive societal transformation. Such dynamics cuss heavily on self organizing principles and processes rather than mechanistic, artificial mandates or commandments.They are messy, chaotic, often violence-prone, and uncertain with false starts, regressions, quantum leaps, advances and retreats, within a whole wilderness of snarling beasts, wild cards, conciliate-holes, and lively oasis. Such a systemic and integral initiative is designed to dredge out channels, drain stagnant back waters, unloose tributaries, navigate white water rapids, and maintain the ongoing movement of ideas, energy, and the human spirit through time and space. In this sense we become co-creators with the The Prime Directive in crafting the human story.But first, some in the flesh(predicate) questions for you to understand wherefore do you see globalization issues the way that you do? Who are the notional guys the good girls? What personal priorities shape your perceptual filters? Why do you have them? consider you changed? What will you personally gain or lose under different global scenarios? What mindsets, viewing-points, or value systems influence your own thinking? Which groups do you represent, causes do you support, and personal or professional commitments do you have which could alter your views?Are you open to new and different perspectives, fresh and expansive horizons? THE twelve POSTULATES 1. Reframe globalization issues around value system codes rather than behavioral stereotypes. In place of the racial, ethnic, nationalistic, culture-bound, moralistic, economic, and oppressed/oppressor filters, consider viewing globalization matters through this integral/holistic (yellow & turquoise) frame. By understanding these deeper v alue system currents or complexity strata, it becomes feasible to develop more realistic big picture views and craft practical, appropriate solutions to real problems.Further, by recognizing the core cultural codes, as reflected in individuals and social groupings, one can quickly key out the generating, internal forces that will ultimately shape external behaviors and actions. For example, why is it the HIV transmitting rate so high in parts of Africa? If you tell the causative crime syndicate as African, or black, or scummy or Third World, you will overtop the point entirely. Not all Africans, blacks, poor, or Third Worlders exhibit the identical internal behaviors associated with assist.When women are influenced by the purple/animistic/safety & security vMEME, it is in their interest to breed large families because their children will provide a work force (gather timberland and water) and future security. When men are reign by the red/exploitative/ vulturous value sys tem, they will impregnate as many women as they can just to stay on score. And, when they believe (purple) that having sex with a virgin will cure their AIDS infection, you can see why the enkindle spreads so rapidly. So, the pandemic is a purple and red problem not a black problem.Blacks in the blue, orange, and green zones are less vulnerable to the destructive behaviors. Its the vMEMES, thick-skulled 1. Create vital signs monitors to track deeper currents and vital indicators. In order to track these cardinal currents that flow over all of the continents, it is essential that we develop the capacity to monitor the concentrations and shifts, and be able to make sense out of the more conventional social/economic/health/quality of life indicators that are now available.This use of GIS (geographic information survey) type information displays can be produce by overlaying the patterns over the vMEMETIC codes to find deeper meaning in the data. Further, it should be possible to identify the early signs of an emerging hot spot that may explode in social eruptions. Such a scan would have warned the world community of bloody en responds-in-the-making in Africa, the plaza East, the Balkans, and Indonesia. We have Dow Jones indicators of the economic health and well being of various countries. Where are the value scans that can inform us of major changes, or sound the affright when danger is on the horizon?For example, when the Balkans political leaders were brought to Wright-Patterson Air Force stupid in Dayton, Ohio to iron out some kind of peaceful settlement to the stay conflict in the former Yugoslavia, they were uncovered to cyber maps showing the actual land forms, spate ranges, and border lines. What if, in addition to these surface-level profiles, they were shown the vMEMETIC contours of the various population groups, or the stages of social development that were apparent? And, if the UN could have monitor these cultural codes in Sierra Leone, R wanda, or even East Timor, wouldnt the responses have been significantly different?It is dangerous to be trapped in a paradigm. 2. Focus on the future as more significant than the past in shaping the present. The past can never be replayed or replayed. cartridge haged is not a straight cursor that flows on a unbroken line from the past to the future Rather, we go through a number of nonlinear jumps that all told alter the conditions, world views, and operating systems. In one sense author doubting Thomas Wolfe had it right We cant go home again. This, of course, means crafting a compelling vision of a realistic future state, and then positioning the various efforts and projects to accomplish those objectives.This often happens through the creative use of scenario building processes, a technology well developed by John Petersen at the Arlington Institute in Virginia. (Seewww. arlingtoninstitute. org). Yet, how do we let go of the past without jettisoning or eroding the essential codes that are required in crafting new and more complex social systems? two raw capitalism and materialist Marxism pore acid on the indigenous cultures, both designed to create the New Man or homo economicus. The second will foist a high consumer culture on more traditionalistic environments.The first has used the Cambodian killing fields to wipe out every vestige of the older orders. Both do quite serious impairment to the cultural strata. Both promote final state paralysis. And, there remains a serious question as to how we move beyond the anger and guilt from past deeds that often keep a society from moving ahead. Both the Truth and Reconciliation Commission in South Africa and the Sign the Sorry Book movement in Australia with regard to the mistreatment of the aborigines are options.There is a growing movement within African American subcultures in the United States to demand reparation payments for the inhumane institution of slavery and pervasive influence of centuries of segregation and discrimination. Yet there are far better ways to address the resulting asymmetrics that are the product of many different forces. A shift from blame and be blamed, or even live and let live, in the direction of attain and help thrive, may hold the key. Ultimately, even subcultures must pass through stages of development. 3. Search for the new intelligences that appear around chaos and within crucibles.One of the basic assumptions within Spiral Dynamics is that complex, adaptive intelligences form in response to the stress and render forged by life conditions. In contrast to IQ (Intelligent Quotient), EQ (Emotional Quotient), AQ (Adversity Quotient) SQ ( unearthly Quotient) or other expressions of intelligence that have appeared, we are describing a VQ ( determine Quotient) capacity. VQ codes emerge whenever the older thinking patterns can no hourlong handle the new complexity that they have helped create. In short, cometh the time, cometh the value codes.The intent, here, will be to construct scaffoldings of solutions, arrange them according to the stages of social development, and be willing to scan for new insights and codes that will naturally appear, like diamonds on the veldt. These, like George Bushs Thousand Points of Light and Clintons Faces of Hope, could be quickly disseminated through the Internet and other avenues for communicating practical solutions to common problems. Why continue to invent the wheels when well-designed vehicles are already up and running elsewhere. 4. Identify the superior polishs that transcend other priorities and agendas.A superordinate goal is a goal or value that everybody wants and needs to realize, but no individual or group can achieve it in an unilateral fashion. These overarching umbrellas can take a number of forms. Some spring from a woe is us syndrome in that we are all in this dire situation together. In other cases, a common enemy will appear on the scene, one that threatens the well-be ing of each and all. The best superordinate goal umbrella is a genuine and constructive aftermath that everybody determine, but one that requires the longer term integration of the conflicting groups.There are jam of candidates for healthy superordinate goals the threat of HIV-type viruses, the dangers built-in in global warming or other forms of environmental poison the caution of nuclear explosions triggered by demagogues or aggressive true believers who have no dismay of death the growing gaps between rich and poor that sow seeds of class envy, and other wild cards such as water depletion, population growth, and biomedical fanatic gone amuck. All problems, challenges, and threats cut crosswise national boundaries, ethnic enclaves, and gated communities. 5. Facilitate and reward the inevitable steps, stages and waves in human emergence.This is the critical pathway that lies at the DNA core of The Prime Directive. The focus, here, should be on the process dynamic itself, n ot on any specific system, level, stage, or whorl that have been activated in forming the complex, adaptive intelligences. Each of the emerging value system waves not except addresses the unique problems in the surroundings that gave it birth, but also adds texture and quality to the more complex vMEME codes in the future. (Note the coloured spiral on the wrap around to this document. See how each of the colors bleeds up into the more complex zones.)By keeping each stage/wave healthy, positive, and congruent, the avenues are open for movement to occur, if and when it has been awakened by life conditions. Instead of imposing the one-size-fits-all economic or political package on the entire developmental spectrum, one should craft the unique form that fits the different circumstances. Entire societies (and subcultures) move along the value system trajectory and should be assisted in opposition their needs and challenges at each of the stages, with the economic and political structu res and models that are both trig and appropriate to those conditions.It is both futile and counter productive to attempt to skip stages, or leap into a more complex world view before its time. Lawrence E. Harrison provides the clearest principle for this process in his work on value systems and prosperity codes. (See Who Prospers? How Cultural Values Shape Economic and Political achievement (1992) and Culture Matters How Values Shape Human Progress (2000), written with Samuel P. Huntington).Harrison has demonstrated, in both his books and in his developmental work in several different cultural settings, that traditional explanations like imperialism, dependency and racism are no longer adequate in explaining why some countries and ethnic groups are better off than others. He stresses the critical importance of cultural values that potently shape political, economic and social performance. In Spiral Dynamics terms these are the 4th aim (blue) and 5th Level (orange) vMEME the blend of good authority with practical enterprise. 6. Mobilize all available resources (quadrants/levels) and focus them like laser beams.Ken Wilber has pioneered the concept of all levels, all quadrants as an essential fabric for accelerating the development of people and cultures. Fragmented, isolated, ad hoc, piecemeal, and single quadrant solutions will fail to make a significant difference. Both interior (within the hearts and minds of individuals and cultures) and exterior (the exterior arrangements, economic perks, political structures, and social rules and regulations) must be meshed, coordinated, and aligned to the relevant level (stages of social development) to get maximum impact.See Wilbers new book, A Theory of Everything, for a thorough analysis. Further, the efforts of families, schools, religion, equity enforcement, business, professional societies, and political entitiesshould be integrated, aligned, and synergized to get them all on the same page. Their resource s and efforts should befocused like laser beams on the essential steps and stages of emergence. These I call MeshWORK solutions. 7. check into destructive conflicts magical spell respecting the essential cycles of change. Life is full of dynamic tension, disruptions, conflicts, discord, and even violence.The problems may be within a stage (i. e. Lord of the Flies conflicts and holy wars) or between emerging stages (i. e. Lexus and the Olive Tree, international jihad vs. McWorld, or human rights vs. authoritarian values). Symptoms can be seen in societal blockages, cul-de-sacs, sink holes, minority vs. majority bloodshed, battles over scarce resources, inept and corrupt leadership, terrorism, and perpetual wars for national liberation or economic domination. major(ip) conflicts should be depressed much like raging forest fires, from all angles and as quickly as possible.Minor scrimmages should be prevented if possible or allowed to play themselves out if comparatively harmless. As the core vMEME flows are understood and accommodated, there will be fewer such conflicts as the human energy passes more freely the development dams and locks in an ongoing, positive fashion. 8. Promote power distinction through appropriate, stratified stages and layers. No single political arrangement fits every situation. Each stratum within the human/social archeology will possess different operating philosophies in terms of how power is distributed.These are natural life forms, indigenous to the unique circumstances within each layer and level. Each will have its own unique organizing code, and can only respond to the models and processes which resonate with those DNA scripts. Not every person has the capacity to know these vertical stages of development. Many will attempt to impose the codes from single operating levels onto the entire strata of emergence. Some require a tribal Order that is safety-driven, while others will thrive in an Exploitative Empire that is power-drive n.You can also see why an Authority Structures (order-driven) is appropriate in some settings, while the codes within a Strategic go-ahead (success-driven) is congruent elsewhere. When a strong middle class is constructed, and a modicum of affluence is shared, then the Social Network (people-driven) structures make a lot of sense. Today we are moving in the direction of the Systemic Flow (process-oriented) and Holonic Meshwork (synthesis-oriented) global models are relevant. 9. dethaw major paradoxes by implementing creative winwinwin solutions.Many political leaders and groupings are now exploreing for alternatives to the traditional bipolar models of decision-making whether expressed in the face Westminster formula, the American checks and balances procedures, or the historic left over(p) vs. Right orientations from the French tradition. Even the winwin negotiation model carries with it the restrict codes of the 5th Level (ORANGE) vMEME. These new models are now forming in complex thinking cells in this country and elsewhere. They focus first on the ultimate win, i. e. the integrity of the overall system, the well-being of all people, thelong-term good principles, or the inherent wisdom within The Prime Directive.This is the universal touchstone that can be using in solvent deep conflicts. A vMEMETIC understanding, tracked by a Global Vital Signs Monitor, could enhance the quest for peace in the Middle East as well as in Africa. It should be part and parcel of the insights offered at Camp David, in Geneva, or at UN headquarters. 10. Integrate the body, mind, soul and spirit in enriching the human experience. Many of our dysfunctional actions and social breakdowns stem from our own personal fragmentation.While the Age of Enlightenment brought us many benefits of a material nature, we are now aware that such progress came with a price. We found ourselves separated from our spiritual sense, from the deeper values that resonate in our individual and cu ltural cores. Yet, it does no good to reject exclusively any of our senses of self. The key to health and well-being, within both a short term context and the longer flow, is to search for ways to mesh all of these attributes in an integral whole. There are plenty of opportunities to access some of these intangible but sinewy practices.They should be developed in our spring chicken while they are open to the inner(a) life and welcome experiences designed to rarify conceptual horizons. And adults, who are growing wear of the fast-track, technology-rich and digitized world around them, often search for ways to express a spiritual sense, or bond themselves with a olympian cause, or renew their souls by reconnecting with natures wonder. 11. shelter and replenish the natural habitat so that all life forms may flourish. maybe this postulate should come first because it may well be the one that should strike us the most.What is at stake here is preservation of life itself. We are now discovering the genetic codes that shapes our biological DNA scripts. This knowledge is both wonderful and frightening at the same time. The issue itself, and perhaps our permanent residency on the planet, will be determined by which of the vMEME codes controls the knowledge. At one time we believed, for example, that the very best way to protect the elephant species is to focus specifically on the elephant the mating habits, the food requirements, and ways to keep individual elephants alive and reproducing.Today, the focus is on the environment the total milieu that will naturally support elephant life. The elephant sprang from that milieu and flourished for centuries within it. As long as it provides what elephants need to survive and flourish, they will. No more prizes for predict the rain only prizes for building the ark. The late Professor Clare W. Graves, Union College, New York give tongue to it best Clare W. Graves.